यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ | समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ||२-१५||
yaṃ hi na vyathayantyete puruṣaṃ puruṣarṣabha . samaduḥkhasukhaṃ dhīraṃ so.amṛtatvāya kalpate ||2-15||
Chapter 2 · Verse 15
Sankhya Yoga
सांख्ययोग
In plain words
You must cultivate an even mind that remains undisturbed by life's ups and downs. When you treat pleasure and pain as equal, you prepare yourself for true liberation. This calm endurance is a key step in jnana, the path of spiritual wisdom, which frees you from identifying solely with your physical body.
Translation
2.15 For, he whom these do not affect, O chief of men, and to whom pain and pleasure are the same - that steadfast man alone is worthy of immortality.
Meaning
Dehadhyasa or identification of the Self with the body is the cause of pleasure and pain. The more you are able to identify yourself with the immortal allpervading Self the less will you be affected by the pairs of opposites (Dvandvas pleasure and pain etc.) Titiksha or the power of endurance develops the willpower. Calm endurance in pleasure and pain and heat and cold is one of the alifications of an aspirant on the path of Jnana Yoga. It is one of the Shatsampat or sixfold virtues. It is a condition of right knowledge. Titiksha by itself cannot give you Moksha or liberation but still when coupled with discrimination and dispassion it becomes a means to the attainment of Immortality or knowledge of the Self. (Cf. XVII.53)
Word by word
यम् whom हि surely न व्यथयन्ति afflict not एते these पुरुषम् man पुरुषर्षभ chief among men समदुःखसुखम् same in pleasure and pain धीरम् firm man सः he अमृतत्वाय for immortality कल्पते is fit.