रजस्तमश्चाभिभूय सत्त्वं भवति भारत | रजः सत्त्वं तमश्चैव तमः सत्त्वं रजस्तथा ||१४-१०||
rajastamaścābhibhūya sattvaṃ bhavati bhārata . rajaḥ sattvaṃ tamaścaiva tamaḥ sattvaṃ rajastathā ||14-10||
Chapter 14 · Verse 10
Guna Traya Vibhaga Yoga
गुणत्रयविभागयोग
In plain words
Just as winter has its sway when summer and autumn have gone just as sleep has its sway when a man is neither dreaming nor waking so also Sattva has its sway when Rajas and Tamas are suppressed and makes people say that they are happy. The Sadhana for increasing Sattva is given in the 17th and 18th chapters. Each ality acts in its own turn at different times.
Translation
14.10 Prevailing over Rajas and Tamas, Sattva preponderates, O Arjuna. Prevailing over Tamas and Sattva, Rajas preponderates. Prevailing over Rajas and Sattva, Tamas preponderates.
Meaning
Just as winter has its sway when summer and autumn have gone just as sleep has its sway when a man is neither dreaming nor waking so also Sattva has its sway when Rajas and Tamas are suppressed and makes people say that they are happy. The Sadhana for increasing Sattva is given in the 17th and 18th chapters. Each ality acts in its own turn at different times. All the three alities cannot operate at one and the same time. When one ality asserts itself or prdominates by overpowering or suppressing the other two it produces its own effect. Sattva produces knowledge and happiness Rajas action Tamas veiling of knowledge inertia error indolence sloth and sleep. When Sattva is in the ascendant in a man he is endowed with discrimination. Sublime thoughts roll in his mind. He has pure understanding. His mind turns away from sensual pleasures and moves inward towards the Self. What is the characteristic mark by which you can know that a particular ality is predominant or is in the ascendant The answer is given in the following three verses.
Word by word
रजः Rajas तमः inertia च and अभिभूय having overpowered सत्त्वम् Sattva भवति arises भारत O Arjuna रजः Rajas सत्त्वम् Sattva तमः inertia च and एव even तमः inertia सत्त्वम् purity रजः active force तथा also.